Imibhoshongo yolayini wokudlulisa yizakhiwo ezinde ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla kagesi. Izici zabo zesakhiwo ngokuyinhloko zisekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo ze-spatial truss. Amalungu ale mibhoshongo ikakhulukazi akhiwe ngensimbi ye-equilateral angle eyodwa noma insimbi ye-engeli ehlanganisiwe. Izinto ezisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile yi-Q235 (A3F) ne-Q345 (16Mn).
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamalungu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amabhawodi amaqhafuqhafu, axhuma izingxenye ngokusebenzisa amandla okugunda. Wonke umbhoshongo wakhiwe ngensimbi ye-engeli, amapuleti ensimbi axhumayo, namabhawodi. Ezinye izakhi ngazinye, njengesisekelo sombhoshongo, zishiselwa ndawonye zisuka kumapuleti ensimbi amaningana ukuze zakhe iyunithi eyinhlanganisela. Lo mklamo uvumela i-hot-dip galvanization yokuvikela ukugqwala, okwenza umhlangano wokuthutha nokwakha ube lula kakhulu.
Imibhoshongo yolayini wokudlulisa ingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngesimo nenjongo yayo. Ngokuvamile, ahlukaniswe abe yizimo ezinhlanu: okumise okwenkomishi, okumise okwekhanda lekati, okumise okuqondile, okumise okwe-cantilever, nokumise okomgqomo. Ngokusekelwe emsebenzini wazo, zingahlukaniswa zibe imibhoshongo ecindezelayo, imibhoshongo yomugqa oqondile, imibhoshongo yama-engeli, imibhoshongo eshintsha isigaba (yokushintsha indawo yamakhondakta), imibhoshongo yokugcina, nemibhoshongo ewelayo.
I-Straight-Line Towers: Lezi zisetshenziswa ezingxenyeni eziqondile zemigqa yokudlulisela.
I-Tension Towers: Lezi zifakelwa ukuphatha ukungezwani kumakhondakta.
I-Angle Towers: Lezi zibekwe ezindaweni lapho ulayini wokudlulisela ushintsha indlela.
Crossing Towers: Imibhoshongo ephakeme imiswa nhlangothi zombili zanoma iyiphi into ewelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe imvume.
I-Phase-Changing Towers: Le mibhoshongo ifakwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kulinganiswe ukuvinjelwa kwamakhondatha amathathu.
I-Terminal Towers: Lezi zitholakala ezindaweni zokuxhumanisa phakathi kwemigqa yokudlulisela kanye neziteshi ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezisekelwe ezintweni zesakhiwo
Imibhoshongo kalayini kagesi yenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngezigxobo zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe nemibhoshongo yensimbi. Angaphinda ahlukaniswe abe imibhoshongo ezisekelayo kanye nemibhoshongo enemibhoshongo ngokusekelwe ekuzinzeni kwesakhiwo sayo.
Kusukela kolayini bakagesi abakhona e-China, kuvamile ukusebenzisa imibhoshongo yensimbi kumazinga kagesi angaphezu kuka-110kV, kuyilapho izigxobo zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe zivame ukusetshenziselwa amazinga kagesi angaphansi kuka-66kV. Izintambo ze-Guy zisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa imithwalo yangemuva kanye nokungezwani kumakhondatha, kunciphisa isikhathi sokugoba esisekelweni sombhoshongo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwezintambo zezintambo kungase futhi kwehlise ukusetshenziswa kwempahla futhi kwehlise zonke izindleko zolayini wokudlulisela. Imibhoshongo eyiGuyed ivame kakhulu endaweni eyisicaba.
Ukukhethwa kohlobo lombhoshongo nokuma kufanele kusekelwe ezibalweni ezihlangabezana nezidingo zikagesi kuyilapho kucutshungulwa izinga likagesi, inani lamasekhethi, isimo sezwe, nezimo zejoloji. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ifomu lombhoshongo elifanele iphrojekthi ethile, ekugcineni ukhethe idizayini ethuthuke kakhulu ngokobuchwepheshe kanye nenengqondo ngokwezomnotho ngokuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo.
Izintambo zokudlulisa zingahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezindleleni zazo zokuzifaka zibe yizintambo zokudlulisa phezulu, izintambo zokudlulisa ikhebula lamandla, kanye nezintambo zokudlulisela ezifakwe igesi ezifakwe ngensimbi.
Imigqa Yokudluliswa Okuphezulu: Lezi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amakhondatha angenalutho angafakiwe, asekelwa imibhoshongo ephansi, amakhondatha amisiwe emibhoshongweni esebenzisa izivikeli.
Izintambo Zokudluliswa Kwekhebula Lamandla: Ngokuvamile lezi zigqitshwa ngaphansi komhlaba noma zibekwe emiseleni yekhebula noma emhubheni, ehlanganisa izintambo kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, izinto ezisizayo, nezinsiza ezifakwa ezintanjeni.
I-Gas-Insulated Metal-Enclosed Transmission Lines (GIL): Le ndlela isebenzisa izinduku zensimbi zokuhambisa ukuze zidluliselwe, zivalelwe ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwegobolondo lensimbi eliphansi. Isebenzisa igesi enomfutho (imvamisa igesi eyi-SF6) ukuze ifakwe, iqinisekise ukuzinza nokuphepha ngesikhathi sokudlulisa kwamanje.
Ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zezintambo kanye ne-GIL, izintambo eziningi zokudlulisela okwamanje zisebenzisa izintambo ezihamba phezulu.
Imigqa yokudlulisa ingahlukaniswa ngokwamazinga kagesi abe yivoltheji ephezulu, amandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu, kanye nemigqa yamandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu. E-China, amazinga kagesi ezintambo zokudlulisa ahlanganisa: 35kV, 66kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV, 750kV, 1000kV, ±500kV, ±660kV, ±800kV, kanye ±10kV±10.
Ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwamanje oludluliswayo, imigqa ingahlukaniswa ngemigqa ye-AC ne-DC:
Imigqa ye-AC:
Imigqa Yamandla Kagesi Ephezulu (HV): 35~220kV
Imigqa Yamandla Kagesi Ephezulu Engeziwe (EHV): 330~750kV
Imigqa Ye-Ultra High Voltage (UHV): Ngaphezulu kuka-750kV
DC Lines:
Olayini Bamandla Kagesi Aphezulu (HV): ±400kV, ±500kV
Imigqa Yamandla Kagesi Ephezulu (UHV): ±800kV nangaphezulu
Ngokuvamile, lapho umthamo wokudlulisa amandla kagesi umkhulu, izinga likagesi elisetshenziswayo liyaphakama. Ukusebenzisa ukudluliswa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahleka kwezintambo, kwehlise izindleko ngeyunithi ngayinye yomthamo wokudlulisa, kunciphise ukuhlala emhlabeni, futhi kukhuthaze ukusimama kwemvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele amaphaseji futhi kunikeze izinzuzo ezibalulekile kwezomnotho nezenhlalo.
Ngokusekelwe enanini lamasekhethi, imigqa ingahlukaniswa njengemigqa yesiyingi esisodwa, isiyingi esikabili, noma imigqa eyisekhethi eminingi.
Ngokusekelwe ebangeni eliphakathi kwamakhondaktha esigaba, imigqa ingahlukaniswa njengemigqa evamile noma imigqa ehlangene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2024
