Siyini Isakhiwo Sokudlulisa?
Izakhiwo zokudlulisa zingenye yezinto ezibonakalayo zesistimu yokudlulisa ugesi. Beseka ama-conductorasetshenziselwa ukuthutha amandla kagesi esuka emithonjeni ekhiqizwayo iye emthwalweni wamakhasimende. Izintambo zokuthutha zithwala ugesi isikhathi esideamabanga kuma-voltage aphezulu, ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-10kV no-500kV.
Kunemiklamo eminingi ehlukene yezakhiwo zokudlulisela. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile yilezi:
I-Lattice Steel Towers (LST), ehlanganisa uhlaka lwensimbi lwezingxenye zesakhiwo ngasinye eziboshiwe nomaashiselwe ndawonye
I-Tubular Steel Poles (TSP), okuyizigxobo zensimbi ezingenalutho ezenziwe njengesiqephu esisodwa noma izingcezu ezimbalwa ezifakiwendawonye.
Isibonelo se-LST ye-single-circuit engu-500–kV
Isibonelo se-LST eyi-double-circuit engu-220-kV
Kokubili ama-LST kanye nama-TSP angaklanywa ukuthi aphathe isekhethi kagesi eyodwa noma ezimbili, okubhekiselwa kuzo njengezakhiwo eziyisekhethi eyodwa kanye nesesekhethi ephindwe kabili (bona izibonelo ngenhla). Izakhiwo eziyindilinga ekabili ngokuvamile zibamba amakhondatha ekucushweni okuqondile noma okustakiwe, kuyilapho izakhiwo zesekhethi eyodwa ngokuvamile zibamba amakhondatha avundlile. Ngenxa yokucushwa okuqondile kwama-conductor, izakhiwo ze-double-circuit zinde kunezakhiwo zomjikelezo owodwa. Emigqeni kagesi ephansi, izakhiwo ngezinye izikhathibaphathe amasekethe angaphezu kwamabili.
Umjikelezo owodwai-alternating current (AC) ulayini wokudlulisa unezigaba ezintathu. Ema-voltage aphansi, isigaba ngokuvamile siqukethe i-conductor eyodwa. Emazingeni aphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-200 kV), isigaba singaqukatha amakhondatha amaningi (ahlanganisiwe) ahlukaniswe ama-spacers amafushane.
Isiyingi esiphindwe kabiliUlayini wokudlulisa we-AC unamasethi amabili ezigaba ezintathu.
Imibhoshongo eyisiphetho isetshenziswa lapho ulayini wokudlulisela uphela khona; lapho ulayini wokudlulisela ujika nge-engeli enkulu; ohlangothini ngalunye lokuwela okukhulu njengomfula omkhulu, umgwaqo omkhulu, noma isigodi esikhulu; noma ngezikhathi ezithile eceleni kwamasegimenti aqondile ukuze unikeze ukwesekwa okwengeziwe. Umbhoshongo ongasekho uyahluka kumbhoshongo olengisiwe ngoba wakhiwe ukuze uqine, uvamise ukuba nesisekelo esibanzi, futhi unezintambo eziqinile zesivikelo.
Osayizi besakhiwo bayahlukahluka kuye nge-voltage, i-topography, ubude be-span, nohlobo lombhoshongo. Isibonelo, ama-LST angu-500-kV angu-500-kV LST ajikeleza kabili ngokuvamile asukela ku-150 kuya ngaphezulu kwamafithi angu-200 ubude, futhi imibhoshongo yesifunda esisodwa engu-500-kV ngokuvamile isukela kumafidi angu-80 kuya kwangu-200 ubude.
Izakhiwo eziyiziyingi ezikabili zinde kunezakhiwo eziyisekhethi eyodwa ngenxa yokuthi izigaba zihlelwa zibheke phezulu kanti isigaba esiphansi kufanele sigcine indawo evulekile encane, kuyilapho izigaba zihlelwa ngokuvundlile ezakhiweni eziyisekhethi eyodwa. Njengoba i-voltage inyuka, izigaba kufanele zihlukaniswe ibanga elide ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yimaphi amathuba okuphazamiseka noma ukugoqa. Ngakho, imibhoshongo ephakeme kagesi kanye nezigxobo zinde futhi zinezingalo ezivundlile ezivundlile ezibanzi kunezakhiwo zamandla kagesi aphansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022
